{"id":35060,"date":"2025-02-27T10:48:22","date_gmt":"2025-02-27T09:48:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.amec.es\/sin-categorizar\/com-afectara-la-nova-politica-comercial-de-trump-a-espanya\/"},"modified":"2025-05-08T09:28:57","modified_gmt":"2025-05-08T07:28:57","slug":"com-afectara-la-nova-politica-comercial-de-trump-a-espanya","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/amec.es\/ca\/articles-dexperts-ca\/com-afectara-la-nova-politica-comercial-de-trump-a-espanya\/","title":{"rendered":"Com afectar\u00e0 la nova pol\u00edtica comercial de Trump a Espanya"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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Per Marta Andreu, delegada d’amec als Estats Units<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Com afectar\u00e0 la nova pol\u00edtica comercial de Trump a Espanya<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t27 de febrer de 2025\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Trump s’ha comprom\u00e8s a implantar una “pol\u00edtica comercial que prioritzi els Estats Units-“America-first trade policy”. Howard Lutnick el nou secretari de Comer\u00e7 dels Estats Units, i Jamieson Greer, el nou representant comercial dels Estats Units, seran els encarregats de desenvolupar la nova pol\u00edtica comercial i investigar “pr\u00e0ctiques comercials deslleials” revisant tots. Lutnick sobre els aranzels va ser m\u00e9s matisada que la de Trump, expressant la seva prefer\u00e8ncia perqu\u00e8 els aranzels selectius es poguessin utilitzar com a eina de negociaci\u00f3 per reduir les barreres comercials a les exportacions nord-americanes. <\/p>


Fins ara els pa\u00efsos amena\u00e7ats amb aranzels, Col\u00f2mbia, Canad\u00e0, M\u00e8xic i la Xina ho han estat per motius d’emerg\u00e8ncia nacional per aconseguir la seva ajuda en la lluita contra el tr\u00e0fic de drogues i immigrants il\u00b7legals. I com es preveia M\u00e8xic i el Canad\u00e0 s’han comprom\u00e8s a refor\u00e7ar les seves fronteres amb els Estats Units, i Col\u00f2mbia s’ha comprom\u00e8s a acceptar tots els ciutadans deportats, aix\u00ed que els aranzels anunciats no han entrat en vigor.
Trump va exposar el seu missatge m\u00e9s clar fins ara en relaci\u00f3 amb els aranzels per motius de \u201cpr\u00e0ctiques comercials deslleials\u201d durant un discurs davant els republicans de la Cambra de Representants la setmana passada, explicant quines importacions planeja gravar primer la seva administraci\u00f3. “Analitzarem els productes farmac\u00e8utics, els medicaments, els xips, els semiconductors, l’acer i algunes altres ind\u00fastries, i si les empreses volen deixar de pagar impostos o aranzels hauran de fabricar als Estats Units”. <\/p>


Els productes farmac\u00e8utics i els medicaments va ser una de les principals categories de b\u00e9ns, darrere dels vehicles de motor, que els Estats Units van importar l’any passat per un valor de 229 mil milions de d\u00f2lars. Irlanda, Alemanya i Su\u00efssa s\u00f3n els pa\u00efsos que m\u00e9s van exportar en aquesta categoria amb gaireb\u00e9 el 50% de les importacions. Els productes classificats com a \u201csemiconductors i altres components electr\u00f2nics\u201d van ser la sisena categoria principal de b\u00e9ns que els Estats Units van importar l’any passat, per valor de 126 mil milions de d\u00f2lars, sent Mal\u00e0isia, Taiwan i la Xina els principals exportadors. <\/p>


La pres\u00e8ncia d’Espanya en les relacions comercials d’aquest tipus de productes \u00e9s petita, per la qual cosa s’espera que l’impacte \u201cdirecte\u201d dels possibles aranzels no ser\u00e0 tan gran com en altres pa\u00efsos europeus, encara que podria patir un \u201cimpacte indirecte\u201d si pass\u00e9s un fre de les exportacions europees.<\/p>


A m\u00e9s, a difer\u00e8ncia d’altres pa\u00efsos europeus, la relaci\u00f3 comercial entre Espanya i els Estats Units \u00e9s de super\u00e0vit per a aquest darrer. Les exportacions als Estats Units representen el 4,9% del total de les vendes de b\u00e9ns espanyols a l’exterior davant del 6,7% del total d’importacions procedents dels Estats Units. Per grups de productes, els m\u00e9s exportats s\u00f3n b\u00e9ns d’equip \u2013sobretot maquin\u00e0ria industrial i aparells el\u00e8ctrics\u2013 i semimanufactures \u2013b\u00e0sicament productes qu\u00edmics amb prop del 60% del total i aliments amb gaireb\u00e9 el 18,0%. Pel que fa a les importacions, destaquen les energ\u00e8tiques (sobretot gas natural liquat-GNL), semimanufactures, especialment productes qu\u00edmics i b\u00e9ns d’equip, on destaquen aparells de precisi\u00f3, material de transport i motors. <\/p>


Les amenaces aranzel\u00e0ries no realitzades a M\u00e8xic, Col\u00f2mbia i Canad\u00e0 demostren que el president Trump sovint fa servir els impostos a les exportacions com una t\u00e0ctica de negociaci\u00f3, per aconseguir que els pa\u00efsos se sentin a la taula de negociaci\u00f3. A Espanya podria afectar la pretensi\u00f3 de Trump que els pa\u00efsos de l’OTAN realitzin una inversi\u00f3 del 5% del PIB en mat\u00e8ria militar (Espanya amb prou feines arriba a l’1,14%), o l’amena\u00e7a de Trump als pa\u00efsos de la UE amb super\u00e0vits comercials amb els Estats Units als quals va dir que els seus productes estaran subjectes a aranzels o exigir\u00e0 que comprin m\u00e9s pets. <\/p>


A partir d’ara haurem d’esperar a veure com desenvolupen la pol\u00edtica comercial els nous responsables, per\u00f2 La Uni\u00f3 Europea i els Estats Units s\u00f3n els principals socis comercials i d’inversi\u00f3 entre ells, per la qual cosa \u00e9s interessant per a tots dos continuar fomentant una relaci\u00f3 comercial estable. Des d’amec podem ajudar les empreses espanyoles que exporten o volen exportar els Estats Units a analitzar la situaci\u00f3 de cada empresa per aconseguir l’\u00e8xit dels seus projectes als Estats Units. <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Marta Andreu, delegada d’amec als Estats Units<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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El Marroc, situat a 14 quil\u00f2metres d’Espanya, ha emergit com un actor clau a la regi\u00f3 EMEA i com un pont estrat\u00e8gic cap al continent afric\u00e0.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":24943,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"elementor_header_footer","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[234],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-35060","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-articles-dexperts-ca"],"yoast_head":"\nCom afectar\u00e0 la nova pol\u00edtica comercial de Trump a Espanya | amec Positive Industry<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/amec.es\/articulos-de-expertos\/como-afectara-la-nueva-politica-comercial-de-trump-a-espana\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ca_ES\" 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