{"id":43954,"date":"2025-11-20T12:04:24","date_gmt":"2025-11-20T11:04:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/amec.es\/sin-categorizar\/xina-la-fabrica-del-mon-del-mati\/"},"modified":"2025-11-25T09:45:06","modified_gmt":"2025-11-25T08:45:06","slug":"xina-la-fabrica-del-mon-del-mati","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/amec.es\/ca\/articles-dexperts-ca\/xina-la-fabrica-del-mon-del-mati\/","title":{"rendered":"\u201cXina: la f\u00e0brica del m\u00f3n\u2026 de dem\u00e0\u201d"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tVeure m\u00e9s articles a amec news\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Diego Guri, subdirector general d’amec<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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\u201cXina: la f\u00e0brica del m\u00f3n\u2026 de dem\u00e0\u201d<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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La Xina ha passat de ser la \u201cf\u00e0brica barata\u201d a un ecosistema tecnol\u00f2gic ultrar\u00e0pid, amb una integraci\u00f3 digital total i un suport institucional que accelera la innovaci\u00f3 i l’expansi\u00f3 global.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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La seva velocitat, flexibilitat i integraci\u00f3 vertical contrasten amb la lentitud europea, cosa que impulsa un augment d’inversions xineses a Europa i genera dubtes sobre si aix\u00f2 suposa oportunitat o amena\u00e7a.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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Per continuar sent competitives, les empreses espanyoles necessiten una estrat\u00e8gia In China for China<\/em> , mentre Europa ha d’adoptar amb urg\u00e8ncia una agenda ambiciosa d’innovaci\u00f3, mercat \u00fanic real i desburocratitzaci\u00f3 si es vol mantenir a la partida.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/article>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t20 de novembre de 2025\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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La velocitat d’adaptaci\u00f3, que abans era un avantatge competitiu, avui \u00e9s imprescindible per continuar jugant la partida. I en aquest escenari hiperaccelerat, especialment despr\u00e9s de la pand\u00e8mia, la Xina ha imposat el ritme<\/strong> . El pa\u00eds asi\u00e0tic ja no \u00e9s aquella \u201cf\u00e0brica barata\u201d que durant d\u00e8cades ha abastit Occident, sin\u00f3 un ecosistema tecnol\u00f2gic flexible i ambiciosament orientat a conquerir valor a tota la cadena global. Mentre Europa encara debat com recuperar la seva autonomia industrial i digital, la Xina executa. I ho fa amb una combinaci\u00f3 que aqu\u00ed seria impensable: visi\u00f3 estrat\u00e8gica a llarg termini, suport institucional agressiu i una rapidesa operativa<\/strong> que sovint deixa les empreses estrangeres descol\u00b7locades. Ja no \u00e9s una q\u00fcesti\u00f3 de costos, \u00e9s una q\u00fcesti\u00f3 de velocitat. <\/p>

La hiperconnectivitat del pa\u00eds \u00e9s el motor d’aquesta velocitat<\/strong> . La poblaci\u00f3 viu pr\u00e0cticament integrada digitalment, i aix\u00f2 facilita models de negoci basats en dades, serveis i integraci\u00f3 tecnol\u00f2gica. Molts sectors industrials ja han fet el salt a la servititzaci\u00f3<\/strong> : un simple codi QR en una porta o una m\u00e0quina industrial permet gestionar manteniment, servei t\u00e8cnic i relaci\u00f3 amb el client en temps real. La pol\u00edtica de doble circulaci\u00f3 Made in China 2025 del Pla Quinquennal vigent, amb un est\u00edmul a la demanda dom\u00e8stica a trav\u00e9s d’un impuls de l’oferta, no ha donat els resultats desitjats. Aix\u00f2 ha creat una sobrecapacitat industrial impressionant<\/strong> , amb jornades de 10-11 hores di\u00e0ries, sis dies a la setmana, unes 252 hores mensuals. Sobre el paper, la normativa laboral \u00e9s homologable a l’occidental, per\u00f2 la realitat \u00e9s una altra. Les vacances pr\u00e0cticament no existeixen m\u00e9s enll\u00e0 de la parada de l’Any Nou Xin\u00e8s. <\/p>

Davant d’aix\u00f2, la resposta pol\u00edtica no ha estat reduir l’oferta sin\u00f3 canalitzar-la cap al m\u00f3n.<\/strong> Resultat? Empreses altament productives, preparades per competir a preus que Occident no pot replicar, i alhora moltes prou flexibles per adaptar productes, fer marca blanca, desenvolupar projectes a mida i innovar en processos. Els Estats Units han reaccionat pujant els aranzels als productes xinesos, i aquesta oferta s’ha canalitzat r\u00e0pidament a altres zones del m\u00f3n, inclosa Europa.<\/strong><\/p>

En aquest context, segons el director general d’una empresa espanyola, \u201cb\u00e9, bonic i barat\u201d t\u00e9 un significat diferent: barat, r\u00e0pid i flexible. L’\u00e8xit en la rapidesa d’expansi\u00f3 global de moltes empreses xineses es basa en una integraci\u00f3 vertical molt m\u00e9s profunda que l’occidental, impulsada i finan\u00e7ada pels governs provincials i, quan cal, pel govern central.<\/strong> Els Plans Quinquennals (participatius, revisats anualment i amb objectius clars) marquen prioritats que despr\u00e9s es despleguen mitjan\u00e7ant subvencions, suport institucional i una desburocratitzaci\u00f3 selectiva que envejaria qualsevol empresari europeu. Cada any, les autoritats locals visiten les empreses per preguntar qu\u00e8 necessiten.<\/strong> Paral\u00b7lelament, els parcs industrials d’alta tecnologia atrauen inversi\u00f3 amb incentius negociables i infraestructures de primer nivell. Un entorn que accelera, acompanya i finan\u00e7a la innovaci\u00f3, per competir en qualitat i tecnologia. <\/p>

Les empreses xineses surten al m\u00f3n per cercar marge, valor, coneixement i mercats. Mentrestant, algunes empreses europees encara viatgen a la Xina per proveir-se m\u00e9s barat. Aquesta diverg\u00e8ncia \u00e9s reveladora. <\/strong> La velocitat amb qu\u00e8 adapten productes \u00e9s aclaparadora. Mentre que les multinacionals europees basades a la Xina necessiten mesos per ajustar un llan\u00e7ament, les empreses xineses poden modificar, testejar i rellan\u00e7ar en setmanes. En un mercat tan competitiu i canviant, aquesta difer\u00e8ncia temporal \u00e9s una condemna. Les empreses europees es perceben a la Xina com a \u201ctortugues sordes\u201d que no escolten el mercat.<\/strong><\/p>

Tot plegat explica per qu\u00e8 les empreses xineses estan invertint o comprant companyies europees a un ritme creixent. En principi, aix\u00f2 es pot percebre com una oportunitat per l’aportaci\u00f3 o el manteniment de llocs de treball a Europa. Per\u00f2 \u00e9s realment una oportunitat? O \u00e9s m\u00e9s aviat una amena\u00e7a? Estem ficant \u201cla guineu al galliner\u201d? Aquest fet \u00e9s especialment rellevant per al nostre pa\u00eds, que est\u00e0 fent una intensa activitat d’atracci\u00f3 d’inversi\u00f3 xinesa, especialment al sector de la mobilitat el\u00e8ctrica. Est\u00e0 sent Espanya \u201cel cavall de Troia\u201d per al desembarcament de les empreses xineses a Europa? La resposta a aquestes preguntes dependr\u00e0 de com Espanya i Europa decideixin posicionar-s’hi. En el passat les nostres empreses van invertir a la Xina per millorar-ne els costos, i el gegant asi\u00e0tic es va beneficiar amb la creaci\u00f3 de llocs de treball industrials<\/strong> , el desenvolupament d’una ind\u00fastria prove\u00efdora i amb l’adquisici\u00f3 de tecnologia, no sempre jugant net, especialment en mat\u00e8ria de propietat intel\u00b7lectual. En el cas de la inversi\u00f3 xinesa a Europa, a m\u00e9s de competir pel talent industrial amb les empreses aut\u00f2ctones, quins plantejaments hi ha per integrar aquestes inversions industrials amb els prove\u00efdors locals?<\/strong> Com ens assegurarem que aquestes noves inversions ens transfereixin tecnologies diferencials en qu\u00e8 s’han destacat els xinesos? El Comissari de Comer\u00e7 de la Comissi\u00f3 Europea ja ha iniciat aquest debat, per\u00f2 no hi ha senyals que indiquin que el ritme no sigui el de la tortuga europea. <\/p>

Qu\u00e8 han de fer llavors les empreses espanyoles davant de la Xina? No hi ha receptes generalitzables, per\u00f2 com sempre, hi ha oportunitats. Plantejar-se anar a la Xina a proveir-se o produir de manera competitiva \u00e9s factible encara<\/strong> , si b\u00e9 les autoritats s\u00f3n reticents a acceptar inversions de baixa tecnologia, almenys a les \u00e0rees costaneres. M\u00e9s complicat ser\u00e0 exportar producte des d’Europa, tret que sigui el cas de productes de consum d’alt valor o articles de luxe. No obstant aix\u00f2, \u00e9s important ser al mercat. Aprofitar el seu enorme potencial de consum \u00e9s complicat, per\u00f2 estar present d’alguna manera permet estar al centre de la qual segurament \u00e9s avui dia l’economia m\u00e9s din\u00e0mica del m\u00f3n.<\/strong><\/p>

Les empreses espanyoles que operen a la Xina ho han apr\u00e8s per for\u00e7a: qui vulgui competir-hi ha d’aplicar l’estrat\u00e8gia que alguna empresa presenti all\u00e0 anomena In China for China<\/em> .<\/strong> Aix\u00f2 implica una clara aposta per la innovaci\u00f3, adaptant el producte al mercat xin\u00e8s, no repetint models europeus. Aix\u00f2 permet jugar a la defensiva en un entorn de compet\u00e8ncia ferotge, a m\u00e9s d’aprendre de la tecnologia, els processos i els models de negoci locals, per refor\u00e7ar la competitivitat de l’empresa a la resta del m\u00f3n. \u00c9s una estrat\u00e8gia dif\u00edcil i arriscada, per\u00f2 potser \u00e9s l’\u00fanica possible. <\/p>

La Xina combina visi\u00f3, execuci\u00f3 i valentia. Europa, en canvi, sovint combina cautela, lentitud i una excesiva depend\u00e8ncia reguladora. <\/strong> Mentre no es resolgui aquest desequilibri, la previsi\u00f3 \u00e9s clara: una reducci\u00f3 massiva de preus a tots els sectors industrials pressionar\u00e0 Europa com mai.<\/p>

La q\u00fcesti\u00f3 no \u00e9s si la Xina \u00e9s un risc, una amena\u00e7a o una oportunitat. La q\u00fcesti\u00f3 \u00e9s si Europa est\u00e0 disposada a jugar al mateix nivell d\u00bfambici\u00f3. <\/strong> \u00c9s per aix\u00f2 que cal posar en marxa el clar full de ruta que marquen els Informes Letta i Draghi: un Mercat \u00danic real, amb una ambiciosa aposta per la innovaci\u00f3 i la desburocratitzaci\u00f3. El moment generat pel replegament nord-americ\u00e0 de l’escena global, i la reacci\u00f3 europea amb la negociaci\u00f3 i signatura de tractats de lliure comer\u00e7 a diverses zones del m\u00f3n, pot ser potser la nostra \u00faltima oportunitat, per\u00f2 hem de ser capa\u00e7os de fer-ne una aposta decidida. <\/p>

La Xina ja no \u00e9s nom\u00e9s la f\u00e0brica del m\u00f3n. \u00c9s el m\u00f3n que vindr\u00e0 despr\u00e9s. La pregunta \u00e9s: serem all\u00e0 o el mirarem des de la grada? <\/b><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Diego Guri, subdirector general d’amec<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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La Xina ha passat de ser la f\u00e0brica del m\u00f3n a convertir-se en un ecosistema tecnol\u00f2gic que marca el ritme global gr\u00e0cies a la velocitat, la integraci\u00f3 digital i el suport institucional. Aquesta transformaci\u00f3 contrasta amb la lentitud europea i planteja un repte estrat\u00e8gic per a la competitivitat industrial. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":41027,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"elementor_header_footer","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[234],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-43954","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-articles-dexperts-ca"],"yoast_head":"\n\u201cXina: la f\u00e0brica del m\u00f3n\u2026 de dem\u00e0\u201d | amec Positive Industry<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/amec.es\/ca\/articles-dexperts-ca\/xina-la-fabrica-del-mon-del-mati\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ca_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u201cXina: la f\u00e0brica del m\u00f3n\u2026 de dem\u00e0\u201d | amec Positive Industry\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"La Xina ha passat de ser la f\u00e0brica del m\u00f3n a convertir-se en un ecosistema tecnol\u00f2gic que marca el ritme global gr\u00e0cies a la velocitat, la integraci\u00f3 digital i el suport institucional. 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