Below, we detail the key aspects of this regulation, its deadlines and the impact for both user companies and road technology manufacturers.

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Who is affected?

The law has a cross-cutting impact, but establishes specific obligations for different actors:

• Companies and Public Entities: Affects those with work centers with more than 200 employees in total or 100 employees per shift.
• Large activity centers: Places with a high concentration of people such as hospitals, university campuses, logistics centers or business parks.
• Transportation and logistics operators: Passenger and freight transportation companies and shared mobility providers.

Affected companies have 24 months from the effective date to implement their mobility plan (until December 5, 2027).

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Administrative scope of the Law

The Sustainable Mobility Law has a national scope, but allows administrations to vary management according to air quality and size of cities:

• Fees in Low Emission Zones (LEZ): The law enables all municipalities in Spain that wish to do so to introduce a fee for driving in LEZs. This fee will be applied specifically to vehicles that exceed the established emission limits, discriminating by environmental category.
• Workplaces in large cities: For companies with more than 1,000 workers in cities with more than 500,000 inhabitants, the law requires additional measures to reduce mobility during peak hours, which is when higher pollution levels are concentrated.
• Protocols for high pollution episodes: All public administrations are obliged to have action protocols to implement urgent measures when significant pollution peaks occur.
• Priority of vehicles: In urban areas, administrations should prioritize means of transport according to their environmental impact, always favoring zero or low-emission vehicles.

It is important to note that the Sustainable Mobility Law operates as a supplementary regulation. This means that if an Autonomous Community or a City Council already has regulations that affect companies depending on how much they pollute their environment or their vehicles, those local regulations are applied in priority over the state regulation.

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Implications for user companies

Companies must move from passive management to active travel planning for their employees, suppliers and visitors.

• Sustainable Mobility Plans to Work (PMST): They must be negotiated with the legal representation of workers. The content must follow a hierarchy that prioritizes active mobility (walking and cycling) and public transport, followed by shared mobility and teleworking.
• High occupancy centers: Centers with more than 1,000 workers in large cities (>500,000 inhabitants) should include additional measures to reduce peak hour mobility.
• Reporting and Data: Plans and their monitoring indicators (every 2 years) must be recorded in the new Integrated Mobility Data Space (EDIM).

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Implications for manufacturers of traffic equipment
traffic

The law drives a deep digitalization and modernization of road infrastructure, which generates a new market for manufacturers of intelligent equipment and systems:

• Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) and Traffic Management: The law encourages the increased use of intelligent traffic management systems and automated multimodal mobility. This includes the need for digital systems for planning, ticketing and integrated payment (MaaS).
• Infrastructure for Reserved Lanes: Administrations should analyze and promote reserved lanes for public transport, high occupancy vehicles (HOV) and zero emissions in accesses to cities with more than 300,000 inhabitants. This will require dynamic signaling systems and automated access control.
• Electromobility: The deployment of electric recharging points in service stations (according to sales volume) and the promotion of both public and private recharging infrastructure in workplaces is required. The official Signs Catalog will also be updated to include electric recharging pictograms.
• Automated Vehicle and Sandboxes: The law creates a controlled test space (sandbox) for innovation pilot projects. This allows manufacturers to test prototype automated vehicles and guidance systems under real-world conditions prior to commercial deployment.
• Low Emission Zones (LEZs): The authorization of fees for driving in these zones will require the municipalities to have technological equipment for access control and vehicle identification by emission categories.